Compare a product(beer) in two different brand Essay

Presentation So as to comprehend the reason and noteworthiness of the coordinated correspondence process, it is helpful to contrast with brand inside a similar item class. This report looks to give a comprehension of the adequacy on crusade techniques. In doing as such, an investigate of the differentiating innovative methodology and correspondence targets will be achieved. A knowledge on track market and market parceling approach comes into the extent of this report. Item Category The item class picked is food/drink item, particularly on lager item. The accompanying two brands are both from remote market, with high notoriety in Asian and Europe separately. Our Tiger Beer crusade was â€Å"Discover the tiger† sourced from The Face (February 2003) (See Appendix A). The contending brand for examination will be the â€Å"Reassuringly Expensive† battle from Stella Artois done by BBDO, which was an honor winning advertisement on a few promoting function. (See Appendix B) Correspondence Objectives Since Tiger Beer is new to Western market, the goal here essentially centers around brand attention to the objective client. Empowering customers who have never attempt our image to attempt it by utilizing an imaginative feature. In this sense, our image is advising objective clients the presence of our image, attempt to enter into the Western market. We expected to change the objective market’s picture of Asian brand and move customers through to buy. Indeed, Asian lager brand are once in a while promoted on Western nations magazines, Tiger Beer wish to separate itself from other remote contenders through the message â€Å"Discover the tiger†. Which accomplish a high mindfulness by leaving a question mark to the greater part of the peruser. The correspondence destinations for Stella Artois incorporate brand disposition and brand acknowledgment. As this lager has been available for quite a while, promoting has moved from brand attention to mark acknowledgment, it needs shoppers to connect the brand with their way of life. Stella Artois’s objective is to guarantee its excellent brew position in the market by coordinating the great quality lager with â€Å"well quality people†. Since they surely know their objective market’s need, the battle topic is to shape an inspirational disposition towards the brand. As should be obvious in the promotion, the correspondence message is point legitimately to a particular gathering and the thought is extraordinary sum contenders. In more circumstance, potential purchasers become mindful of more than one brand in a given item classification (Rossiter 1997). Consequently, Stella Artois has utilized a viable visual message on this battle to inspire watchers ’emotion and increment the level of purchasers in the objective market who partner explicit highlights or way of life with their image. Target showcase In view of the correspondence objective, plainly two notices have unmistakably unique objective markets. From the Tiger Beer notice, we can surmise that the objective market is involved youthful male between the ages of 18-25, because of the way that the ad was publicized in The Face. This magazine has a readership included overwhelmingly of youthful male between this age gathering. This gathering of individuals may have just known about Tiger Beer, and are searching for more affirmation from reference gathering. They are probably going to attempt new thing, social associations and nature of the brew are significant factors in the dynamic procedure. In a specific degree, this gathering is great brand switchers. Their mindfulness may change after some time and causes less-visit acquisition of our image, except if we can give a modestly good mentality towards the brand (Rossiter 1997). While Stella Artois was focused on brand acknowledgment, they have a built up client premise, which can be depicted as brand steadfast (Rossiter 1997). Theyâ have solid great disposition toward our image, they anticipate buying a top notch ale, which conveys quality and fulfillment. Stella Artois is essentially about quality, not value; consumers will follow through on an excellent cost for Stella Artois because of its responsibility to quality. Surely, Stella Artois is reasonable to them as they are in center or high-pay gathering. From the abovementioned, the accompanying table sums up and differentiates the objective markets qualities. Tiger Beer Stella Artois Age 18 25 or above Societal position Middle pay classAsian foundations Higher incomeHigher training level Buy conduct Brand exchanging Brand dependability Way of life Young irreverentSocial exercises Quality lifestyleStyle society Elements influenceDecision-production Reference groupFinancial statusCulture/social class SituationEmotionPast choice Market Positioning Clearly both organization have separated their brands from others in the brains of the objective market. It would be huge, as a connection should be set up between the brand benefits and the objective customer to make a positive brand picture according to contending brands. Both of the promotions have situating systems that attention on the purchaser as opposed to the contender. Ø Repositioning Tiger Beer embraces this system because of the ongoing acknowledgment by Westernâ countries and focusing on it to another market section. Since they have recently developed a decent notoriety in Asian nations with worth, quality and taste. Tiger Beer has decided to guide it’s promoting to more youthful who lean toward experience. Additionally, it was situated itself as a riddle Asian flavor rather than sportive and fervor picture with their game sponsorship crusade. (Burp and Belch 2001) Ø Positioning side-effect traits and picture Stella Artois is situated based on specific attributes that separate it from its rivals. The trademark â€Å"Reassuringly Expensive† has been utilized since the 80’s. The key advantage worried here is the quality, distinction picture and worth, which is the essential class requirement for a top notch brew. Such components are normally begun at the highest point of the parcels; Stella Artois was all around got ready for it’s clients to assess these components in their dynamic procedure. Imaginative Strategies and Tactics This includes a few components to draw out the focal message for the sponsor to accomplish their longing result. The more grounded the thought, the more powerful the promotion can convey to customers. As both of the organizations have balanced the correspondence goal to fit for target showcase, we can see that the two organizations have viable utilize their spending plan to move away from customary lager publicizing. Ø Advertising Appeals Both of the advertisements are utilizing an enthusiastic show up as a premise. For the Tiger Beer, we see an Asian lady in the focal point of the image. The lady takes a gander at the peruser of the promotion and holding a little lamp oil light, consuming. Close to her is a cart with a jug of Tiger Beer in the seat. The road was incredibly dim and quiet with some Chinese glim toward the finish of the road. The ad attempts to draw in the peruser with the idea of the mysterious and odd. (See informative supplement A) Stella Artois utilizes a leftover portion publicizing approach on their most recent battle. The crusade foundation is lavish, exquisite furniture, for example, a fashioner seat or a piano, which is being harmed with an opened top putting on it. The promotion has all the earmarks of being basic however difficult to comprehend, except if watchers of the advertisement have a few thoughts on the brand. For the objective market perspective, it was exceptionally connected with the Stella Artois brand picture. What's more, leave a solid interest to the watcher. (See index B) Ø Headlines and Visual components The Tiger Beer utilizing an inquiry in Chinese at the upper right hand corner to improve the Asian inclination. The significance of that heading is: â€Å"Do you have gut?† Which suggests that Tiger Beer is an Asian riddle to western nations, attempt this lager on the off chance that you are fearless enough. It would like to create an answer of â€Å"Yes, I do, I will attempt the beer.† Secondly, there is a sub-heading at the base of the advertisement: â€Å"Discover the tiger†. So what is the implication of this promotion? Right off the bat, it tells the peruser that when the individual beverages this brew, they will â€Å"discover the tiger†. There are a few indicative implications spoke to in it. It relies upon the view the peruser takes. For instance, we can accept that the lady speaks to the tiger. She is the one to seem solid, to control the circumstance. The dark hair and dark lipstick and dull eyes give her a magical and hazardous appearance. In ad dition, the substance of bid are of sexual nature, which is compelling in measuring the consideration of its objective market. Stella Artois keeps on utilizing the â€Å"Reassuringly Expensive† as sub-heading at the base of the promotion. The wording is little with respect to the end in the wake of perusing the visual components. Which urge the objective client to accept that Stella Artois is a decent quality brew, it is advantageous to open up the container on the edge of the furniture quickly without searching for the jug opener. This trademark can develop a reverberation with the intended interest group and has embraced over the entirety of its publicizing to fortify the discernment this is a top notch brew. The general picture was basic and clear, nothing else. It is sufficient to pass on a feeling of premium quality. (Paul Messaris 1997) Ø Advertising Media The two promotions were found in design magazines. As magazines have tight introduction levels, specialty magazine, for example, The Face and I-D have straightforwardly focused to the target group. By and large, a successful correspondence battle depends on financial plan. Tiger Beer has exchange off among reach and recurrence. For this situation, what Tiger Beer doing is contacting a couple of individuals a great deal of times. Tiger Beer has utilized a few promoting advance and spent a similar financial plan in just a single media, for example, magazine; subsequently, an a lot more modest number of individuals will be uncover

Obstetrics and Nurse free essay sample

At 0600 Jennie is brought to the Labor and Delivery triage territory by her sister. The customer gripes of a beating cerebral pain throughout the previous 12 hours unrelieved by acetaminophen (Tylenol), swollen hands and face for 2 days, and epigastric torment portrayed as awful indigestion. Her sister tells the medical caretaker, I felt like that when I had toxemia during my pregnancy. Affirmation evaluation by the medical caretaker uncovers: todays weight 182 pounds, T 99.1â ° F, P 76, R 22, BP 138/88, 4+ pitting edema, and 3+ protein in the pee. Pulse is standard, and lung sounds are clear. Profound ligament reflexes (DTRs) are 3+ biceps and triceps and 4+ patellar with 1 beat of lower leg clonus. The attendant applies the outside fetal screen, which shows a pattern fetal pulse of 130, missing changeability, positive for increasing velocities, no decelerations, and no compressions. The medical caretaker additionally plays out a vaginal assessment and finds that the cervix is 1 cm enlarged and half destroyed, with the fetal head at a - 2 station. We will compose a custom exposition test on Obstetrics and Nurse or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page 1. In auditing Jennies history, the medical caretaker is right in inferring that Jennie is in risk of building up a hypertensive issue on account of her age (15). Which different factor(s) add to Jennies danger of creating preeclampsia? (Select all that apply.) A) Molar pregnancy and history of preeclampsia in past pregnancy. B) Familial history. C) History of beating cerebral pain, low financial status. D) Preexisting clinical or hereditary condition, similar to Factor V Leiden. E) Nulliparity 2. To precisely evaluate this customers condition, what data from the pre-birth record is generally significant for the medical attendant to acquire? A) Pattern and number of pre-birth visits. B) Prenatal pulse readings. C) Prepregnancy weight. D) Jennies Rh factor. Pathophysiology of Preeclampsia There is no conclusive reason for preeclampsia, yet the pathophysiology isâ distinct. The principle pathogenic factor is poor perfusion because of arteriolar vasospasm. Capacity in organs, for example, the placenta, liver, mind, and kidneys can be discouraged as much as 40 to 60%. As liquid moves out of the intravascular compartment, an abatement in plasma volume and ensuing increment in hematocrit is seen. The edema of preeclampsia is summed up. For all intents and purposes all organ frameworks are influenced by this sickness, and the mother and embryo endure expanding hazard as the ailment advances. Preeclampsia creates following 20 weeks incubation in a formerly normotensive lady. Raised circulatory strain is as often as possible the principal indication of preeclampsia. The customer likewise creates proteinuria. While not, at this point thought about a symptomatic estimation of preeclampsia, summed up edema of the face, hands, and mid-region that isn't receptive to 12 hours of bedrest is regularly present. Preeclampsia advances along a continuum from gentle to extreme preeclampsia, HELLP condition, or eclampsia. A customer may present to the work unit anyplace along that continuum. 3. What is the pathophysiology answerable for Jennies grievance of a beating cerebral pain and the raised DTRs? A) Cerebral edema. B) Increased perfusion to the cerebrum. C) Severe nervousness. D) Retinal arteriolar fits. Jennies sister is extremely worried about the growing (edema) in her sisters face and hands since it is by all accounts compounding quickly. She inquires as to whether the social insurance supplier will endorse a portion of those water pills (diuretics) to help dispose of the overabundance liquid. 4. Which reaction by the attendant is right? A) That is a generally excellent thought. I will transfer it to the human services supplier when I call. B) Im sorry, however it isn't the familys spot to make recommendations about clinical treatment. C) Let me disclose to you about the impact of diuretics on pregnancy. D) Have you by any possibility given your sister water pills that have a place with another person? Admission to the Labor and Delivery Unit At 0630 the medical caretaker calls to answer to the medicinal services supplier, who recommends the accompanying: confess to work and conveyance, bedrest with restroom benefits (BRP), IV D5LR at 125 ml/hr, oxytocin (Pitocin) 2 mu/min, CBC with platelets, thickening investigations, liver catalysts, science board, 24-hour pee assortment for protein and uric corrosive, ice chips just by mouth, nonstress test, hourly essential signs, and DTRs. 5. After the medical attendant builds up IV situation, she gathers a sack of D5LR for the oxytocin (Pitocin), which is accessible in 20 units in 1000 cc D5LR. The request from the human services supplier is oxytocin (Pitocin) 2 mu/min to enlarge work. Figure the accompanying dribble rate for the oxytocin (Pitocin). (Enter the numerical worth as it were. In the case of adjusting is required, round to the entire number.) 6. While the medical attendant is anticipating the lab results, which nursing mediation has the most elevated need? A) Teach Jennie the method of reasoning for bedrest. B) Monitor Jennie for indications of lack of hydration. C) Educate the customer about dietary limitations. D) Observe Jennie for CNS changes. 7. Which procedure should the attendant use while assessing Jennies circulatory strain while she is on bedrest? A) Have Jennie lay prostrate and take the pulse on the left arm. B) Have Jennie lie in a horizontal position and take the circulatory strain on the reliant arm. C) Have the customer sit in a seat at the bedside, and take the circulatory strain with her left arm at midsection level. D) Have Jennie stand quickly and take the circulatory strain on the correct arm. The medical caretaker plays out a nonstress test to assess fetal prosperity. 8. When playing out a nonstress test (NST), the medical attendant will survey for which parameters? An) Accelerations of the fetal pulse in light of fetal development. B) Late decelerations of the fetal pulse because of fetal development. C) Accelerations of the fetal pulse in light of uterine compressions. D) Late decelerations of the fetal pulse because of uterine constrictions. HELLP Syndrome At 0800, physical evaluation and labs uncover the accompanying: the customer is as yet grumbling of a cerebral pain however the epigastric torment has slightlyâ decreased. While the customer is resting in a left horizontal position, the essential signs are BP 146/94, P 75, R 18. Hyperreflexia proceeds with one beat of clonus. The gauge fetal pulse is 140 with moderate fluctuation and no decelerations. Since consummation of a receptive nonstress test, no further increasing velocities have happened. Lab results include: hemoglobin 13.1 g/dl, hematocrit 40.5 g/dl, platelets 120,000 mm3, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) marginally raised, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) typical for pregnancy, 0 burr cells on slide, coagulating reads typical for pregnancy. The medicinal services supplier determined Jennie to have preeclampsia instead of HELLP condition, a variation of extreme preeclampsia. 9. In the event that Jennie had HELLP condition, which lab results would the medical attendant anticipate that her should display? An) Elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit (HH) without burr cells, raised liver chemicals, platelet tally 150,000 mm3. B) Decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit (HH) with burr cells, raised liver catalysts, platelet check

Call For A Good Time

Call For A Good Time Once, a man whom we can only assume must have been truly desperate responded to a Craigslist personal ad which bore only a single coy statement, Call for a good time. He showed up at the requested meeting place, and was whisked off for a day of exhilarating, platonic adventure, culminating in skydiving. Needless to say, he had a good time. This story has grown near and dear to my heart in my lifelong quest to become the ultimate altruistic troll, but I bring it to you for a half-reasonable reason: this weekend reminded me of it. Several weekends ago, I was having dinner with some 08s who are now full-time techies in San Francisco, and one of them casually remarked, Oh, I saw Mitra the other day Allegedly, I frothed at the mouth and rasped, Mitra?? THE Mitra? (Mitra, for those of you who dont know, was the original admissions blogger, and predates Ben, who predates Chris, who pretends to be old. I witnessed her last year of blogging the year I started thinking about applying to MIT. (Sorry, Mitra.)) So after stalking cross-referencing the alumni directory with Facebook, I shot off an email to Mitra and Sam with the subject, this is not a craigslist proposition, just to be clear. Mitras response: I dont know about you, Sam, but I am quite disappointed this is not a craigslist proposition. Those are the best. Sams response: Hey Rachel! Thanks for the totally non-creepy intro! Oh dear. And so we met up for coffee. In the true spirit of SF, our less-than-loud conversation was quietly tolerated by plaid-clad hipsters wincing at us over their Macbooks with saintly martyrdom. One hipster actually retreated into a corner of the coffee shop after we sat down. By the door, the shops token eccentric was matter-of-factly spinning a hank of wool wrapped around his arm onto a wooden spindle. Mitra: So did you email us just because we were in the area, or because we were your favorite bloggers? Me: The first reason Mitra: Oh. Me: ..and also the second. Mitra: TAKE THAT, MOLLIE Apparently, when Sam searched his email to find our meetup plans, he stumbled upon another email from meas a prefrosh. Sam: I think I owe you a postcard from a few years ago. Me: Huh? OH GOD. Sam: Yeah, I put up a letter addressed to stalkers in my public folder, and you found it. Mitra: Actually, after he put it up we timed how long people took to find it. Our friend found it in less than a week. But alas, my stalker cred has diminished over the years. I didnt even know, for example, that Sams initials are S.A.M. We also talked about Real People Things, like bad puns, and Ok Cupid shenanigans, and how gap years rock, and how each cover of Oprah is better than the previous one and this months cover was so good that theyll just have to terminate the magazine now because they can never, ever top it. (Actually, I think Sam is just obsessed with Oprah.) Also, how being as networked as possible on LinkedIn is a good thing, although it can lead to some awkward situations, like when the MIT alum CTO of some hot new startup asks you how you know someone they found you through and youre like, Uhh, I think I met them at a Burton 1 party last year. Oh, weve networked at a few tech-related social functions. Which indirectly leads me to our conveniently meta-referential parting words: Mitra: Whenever you have a blogger meetup, I feel like youre obligated to blog about it. Me: Definitely! But how can I construe it as compelling and relevant? Mitra: Maybe it can be about the strength of the alumni network, or something. Me: Nah, that would be kind of preachy. LETS TAKE AN EXCITING PICTURE INSTEAD! Sam: YEAH! In lieu of the strength of alumni networks (and I already implied it, so you get it for free anyways), here is the theme of my weekend: coffee shops. Rather, shops that serve coffee. To be fair, every shop in SF seems to have a dual specialty in coffee. Bookstore-coffee-shop combos are pretty common, as are coffee-shop-creperies. The most unexpected combination Ive seen so far was an espresso bar that also rented videos. Its not like someone just decided one day, Oh, maybe we should also rent videos, so people can browse them while they drink their espresso, even though they cant watch them while drinking their espresso, or vice versa. No, someone clearly thought this through. For some reason, every coffee-shop-that-is-also-actually-another-kind-of-shop in San Francisco is also an art gallery. For dinner, my roommate Tiffany12 and I went to a coffee-shop-diner-art-gallery that also served dinner, but it was too late for dinner, so they were only serving breakfast, but they were also out of breakfast food. We were like, Do you have pasta? Do you have sandwiches? Do you have eggs? Okay, do you have food? and finally went next door, where we hadbreakfast. For dinner. At a coffee shop that was also a diner and an art gallery and served Middle Eastern food. I swear their matching illustrated chalkboard menus even had the same handwriting as each others, as well as the coffee-shop-creperie-art-gallery near my apartment. Later, I gave my leftovers to a hobo kitten named Macaroni, whom we had encountered earlier on the way to dinner. I give entirely too much credit to coffee shops, though. The MIT network really is a fantastic thing to be a part of. While scrounging for housing at the beginning of the summer, I crashed with an 08 I met through an alum of my floor, and I actually ended up taking over a 10s lease when he decided to move out for the summer. On the Facebook employee shuttle, I happened to sit next to an 03 in HR who noticed me posting a blog entry to this very site and wanted me to write for the Facebook engineering blog. Also, Dropbox employees keep giving me free storage. Try getting a punchcard for that, suckers.

The Impact Bullying as on Our Children - 572 Words

Bullying has been finally pointed out and many voices have been heard. Growing up before in the 70s, 80s, and early 90s the term bullying was not recognized or it was ignored. In today’s social living bullying is not tolerated anywhere. The cause and effect are extreme. We have to see the warning signs, of change in moods, bad behaviors, or no signs at all. Bullying is a bad behavior were others are mistreated and are injured physically or mentally. It does not only happen in young children but also in young adults and adults. A child is defenseless when innocent and when they’re not exposed to bad behavior. One of the reasons of others bullying is a low self-esteem. This behavior usually comes from a bad environment during this person younger age. This person was mostly likely neglected and reprimanded the wrong way. Many people bully to get attention not only from their parents, but also their friends. Children become so afraid at times they wont even want to go to sc hool. In many homes parents fail to see the warning signs leading children to become a bully or be a victim of being bullied. Feeling bullied must feel horrible especially if do not know how to stand up for yourself. The effect of being bullied or being the bully can be an outcome for the worst. Some have taken their lives because they could not take it anymore. The depression becomes so intense. Also having your school or friends think the worst of you can be unbearable. We see it on the news veryShow MoreRelatedCyberbullying: The New Form Of Bullying. When Sending Our1661 Words   |  7 PagesCyberbullying: The New Form of Bullying When sending our children to school we expect them to be able to learn without distractions, but bullying makes that impossible. Bullying has been recognized as a problem for school children globally. In fact, school bullying has proven to be a risk factor for suicide, which has been identified as one of the top causes of death among teens (Erick Messias, 2014). 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Geology and Topography of Antarctica

Antarctica is not an ideal place for a geologist to work — it is widely considered one of the coldest, driest, windiest and, during winter, darkest places on Earth. The kilometers-thick ice sheet sitting on top of 98 percent of the continent makes geologic study even more difficult. Despite these uninviting conditions, geologists are slowly gaining a better understanding of the fifth-largest continent through the use of gravity meters, ice-penetrating radar, magnetometers, and seismic instruments. Geodynamic Setting and History Continental Antarctica makes up just a portion of the much larger Antarctic Plate, which is surrounded by mostly mid-ocean ridge boundaries with six other major plates. The continent has an interesting geologic history — it was part of the supercontinent Gondwana as recently as 170 million years ago and made a final split from South America 29 million years ago. Antarctica has not always been covered in ice. At numerous times in its geologic history, the continent was warmer due to a more equatorial location and differing paleoclimates. It is not rare to find fossil evidence of vegetation and  dinosaurs  on the now-desolate continent. The most recent large-scale glaciation is thought to have begun around 35 million years ago. Antarctica has traditionally been thought of as sitting on a stable, continental shield with little geologic activity. Recently, scientists installed 13 weather-resistant seismic stations on the continent that measured the speed of earthquake waves through underlying bedrock and mantle. These waves change speed and direction whenever they encounter a different temperature or pressure in the mantle or a different composition in the bedrock, allowing geologists to create a virtual image of the underlying geology. The evidence revealed deep trenches, dormant volcanoes, and warm anomalies, suggesting that the area may be more geologically active than once thought. From space, Antarcticas geographic features seem, for lack of a better word, nonexistent. Underneath all of that snow and ice, however, lie several mountain ranges. The most prominent of these, the  Transantarctic  Mountains, are over 2,200 miles long and split the continent into two distinct halves: East Antarctica and West Antarctica. East Antarctica sits on top of a Precambrian craton, made up of mostly metamorphic rocks like gneiss and schist.  Sedimentary deposits from the Paleozoic to Early Cenozoic age lie above it.  Western Antarctica, on the other hand, is made up of orogenic belts from the past 500 million years. The summits and high valleys of the Transantarctic Mountains are some of the only places on the entire continent not covered in ice.  The other areas that are free from ice can be found on the  warmer Antarctic Peninsula, which extends 250 miles northward from West Antarctica  towards South America. Another mountain range, the  Gamburtsev Subglacial Mountains, rises almost 9,000 feet above sea level over a 750-mile expanse in East Antarctica. These mountains, however, are covered by several thousand feet of ice. Radar imaging reveals sharp peaks and low valleys with topography comparable to the European Alps. The East Antarctic Ice Sheet has encased the mountains and protected them from erosion rather than smoothing them into glacial valleys. Glacial Activity Glaciers affect not only the topography of Antarctica but also its underlying geology. The weight of ice in West Antarctica literally pushes the bedrock down, depressing low-lying areas below sea level. Seawater near the edge of the ice sheet creeps between the rock and glacier, causing the ice to move much faster towards the sea. Antarctica is completely surrounded by an ocean, allowing sea ice to greatly expand in winter. Ice normally covers around 18 million square miles at the September maximum (its winter) and decreases to 3 million square miles during the February minimum (its summer).  NASAs Earth Observatory has a nice side-by-side graphic comparing the maximum and minimum sea ice cover of the past 15 years. Antarctica is almost a geographic opposite of the Arctic, which is an ocean semi-enclosed by landmasses. These surrounding landmasses inhibit sea ice mobility, causing it to pile up into high and thick ridges during the winter. Come summer, these thick ridges stay frozen longer. The Arctic retains around 47 percent (2.7 of 5.8 million square miles) of its ice during warmer months. The extent of Antarcticas sea ice has increased by approximately one percent per decade since 1979 and reached record-breaking levels in 2012 to 2014. These gains do not make up for diminishing sea ice in the Arctic, however, and global sea ice continues to disappear at a rate of 13,500 square miles (larger than the state of Maryland) per year.

Study of Job Satisfaction at Infosys and Its Implications...

Study of Job Satisfaction at Infosys And Its Implications for Motivating Employees at Infosys DeeptiVedala A018 vedaladeepti@yahoo.com Project Management (Major Project) M.Pharm (Pharmaceutics) + MBA Trimester II ABSTRACT: The main aim of the study is to determine the job satisfaction of employees in Infosys. It includes determining various parameters that influence job satisfaction and also the present level of satisfaction of the employees. To understand employees perceptions about the job and come up with recommendations for the company to improve the level of job satisfaction. The method used to perform the study was a Job Satisfaction Questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of various sections like†¦show more content†¦Weiss (2002) has argued that job satisfaction is an attitude but points out that researchers should clearly distinguish the objects of cognitive evaluation which are affect (emotion), beliefs and behaviors .This definition suggests that we form attitudes towards our jobs by taking into account our feelings, our beliefs, and our behaviours. Job satisfaction can also be defined as either as the overall or general job satisfaction of an employee or as the satisfaction with certain facets of the job such as the work itself, coworkers, supervision, pay, working conditions, company policies, procedures and opportunities for promotion(Smith et al.,1969).Based upon these two view points of job satisfaction , it may be measures either as the general or overall satisfaction of an employee with the job or it may be measured as the satisfaction of an employee with the various work facets. For the present study the former view of job satisfaction has adopted OBJECTIVE OF STUDY: Presently the Indian IT and ITES industry has the largest attrition rate as compared to otherindustries. Not only the startup companies but also the established companies have been finding it difficult to retain employees. With the unprecedented boom in the IT industry the size of the industry has grown very big and with major IT players employing a huge number of employees, it has become very important to determine the factors that influence job satisfaction in this industry and come up withShow MoreRelatedIntroduction to Motivation16686 Words   |  67 Pagesin its operational and management approach to cope up with such changes. Henceforth employees working in companies have to be motivated consistently in order to channelize their potential for achievement of organizational objectives. Those organizations face the problem of high attrition rate who fail to motivate their employees. Theres often a single element that differentiates companies with enthusiastic employees from those that suffer high rates of dissatisfaction and turnover: motivation. WhileRead MoreA Study on Customer Satisfaction on Bsnl Mobile Services15977 Words   |  64 Pages1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Statement of Problem A study has been conducted in order to understand the Customers opinion and Satisfaction level of Mobile Services of BSNL in East Godavari District, researchtitledâ€Å"A STUDY ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION FOR BSNL MOBILE SERVICES IN RAJAHMUNDRY REGION†has been conducted. 1.2 Importance of the Study In todays competitive business world and challenging economy, retaining your customer base is critical to your success. If you dont giveRead MoreHbr When Your Core Business Is Dying74686 Words   |  299 PagesDonald N. Sull and Charles Spinosa 90 The Leadership Team: Complementary Strengths or Conï ¬â€šicting Agendas? Stephen A. Miles and Michael D. Watkins 100 Avoiding Integrity Land Mines Ben W. Heineman, Jr. 20 33 FORETHOUGHT HBR CASE STUDY Why Didn t We Know? Ralph Hasson 45 FIRST PERSON Preparing for the Perfect Product Launch THOU SHALT †¦page 58 James P. Hackett 111 TOOL KIT The Process Audit Michael Hammer 124 BEST PRACTICE Human Due Diligence DavidRead MoreInternational Management67196 Words   |  269 PagesHodgetts, Fred Luthans, Jonathan Doh. 6th ed. 2006. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-07-811257-7 ISBN-10: 0-07-811257-5 1. International business enterprises—Management. 2. International business enterprises—Management—Case studies. I. Doh, Jonathan P. II. Hodgetts, Richard M. International management. III. Title. HD62.4.H63 2012 658 .049—dc22 2011002070 www.mhhe.com Dedicated in Memory of Richard M. Hodgetts A Pioneer in International Management Education iii

Housing Market in the UK

Question: The British housing market has "deep, deep" problems, according to the Governor of the Bank of England. In an interview with Sky's Murnaghan show, Mark Carney warned that rising house prices represented the biggest current risk to the economy.He added that the number of large mortgages being approved to house buyers was on the rise and that the UK was in need of new house building. Mr Carney said: "The issue around the housing market in the UK is there are not sufficient (numbers of) houses (being) built." One of the biggest issues of the UK economy if the constant changes in the housing market. Using the above article passage and any other you may research, write a report analysing what are, the main reasons for those changes. Is the microeconomic or the macroeconomic environment the one that affects prices most? Are the property market challenges linked more to supply or demand?, or maybe we have to consider macroeconomic issues like the exchanges rates, growth and unemployment? Answer: Introduction: The key role in the economy is played by the housing market. It exercises its influence on the economy through output growth, stability in the financial market and the monetary policy of transmission mechanism. The decision of the household to purchase a house is relevant to the economy as it involves a large part of the households income as well as the expenditure. The UK housing market is characterized as a volatile market. For the last few decades, the UK housing market has witnessed two major booms and busts. (Ons.gov.uk, 2015) The governor of the Bank of England, Mark Carney in an interview with Skys Murnaghan show, has showed concern about the property boom which can pose a big risk to the Britains economic recovery. The house prices rose at the fastest rate in the more than six years and have ascended to 8.9% on a yearly basis. This rise in house price can be accounted for the shortage of new homes. The deep structural problem associated with the UK housing market can be tackled buy two factors. First, the bank must ensure enough reserves to resist the risks of bad loans associated with the downturn of the housing market. Second, there should be a check on the lending procedure and ensure that mortgages be sanctioned to those individuals who could afford them. (E-Residentials | Online Estate Agent, 2014) Reasons for changes in the housing market: The constant changes in the housing market are owing to several factors. These factors influence the housing market and alter the house price. Some of the reasons behind the changes in the housing market of the UK are: (Pettinger, 2011) Economic growth- It is regarded that the demand for house is income elastic as house is considered to be a luxuries good. Now as demand for house is dependent on the income, so as income decreases, people cannot buy houses and they are unable to make their mortgage payments ending up their houses to be taken in possession by the banks. The GDP growth of the UK in the third quarter of 2014 was 0.7% which made the nation the fastest growing G7 economy in spite of the economic slowdown. (Allen, 2014) This has resulted in the rise in income of the citizens which furthered raised the demand for house which ultimately hiked the house price. (Positive Money, 2013) Unemployment- The level of unemployment is associated with the economic growth in the UK. Since the UK experienced a GDP growth, the unemployment rate fell to 6% which is recorded to be the lowest. The employment rate rose to 73% which means that people have been employed. This drive in employment caused the incomes to rise resulting in an increased demand for house and this excess demand for houses increased the prices. (Monaghan and Inman, 2014) Interest rates- The year 2014 was marked with stable interest rate at 0.5% which enabled the purchase of new houses. The interest rate affects the monthly mortgage payment cost. If the interest rate is high, this would increase the mortgage payment. As a result, the demand for houses will fall. But since the interest rate did not rise in 2014 in the UK, people were willing to purchase houses, soaring up the demand for houses and thereby raising the price of the houses. (BBC News, 2014) Consumer confidence- The consumer confidence is very important for the sale and purchase of the house or taking the risk to mortgage them. In this regard the expectation towards the housing market is relevant. If people foresee that the price of the houses is rising then they will be willing to purchase them which will raise demand. Mortgage availability- According to the Bank of Englands latest Credit Conditions report, lenders in 2014 were willing to extend a rise in the availability of mortgages. The rise in the availability of mortgages with low deposits eased up the procedure for getting mortgage. This raised the demand for buying houses. (The Guardian, 2014) Supply- Mark Carney stated that the problem of shortage of new house could not be solved by the Central Bank. At 123,000 units per year, the rate of house building was well below the 200,000 which is considered by many economists as the minimum scale. Thus, the shortage of supply of houses led to a situation of excess demand which raised the price of the houses. (Inman, 2015) Microeconomics and macroeconomics factors affecting price: The basic determinants that affect the housing prices is the demand and supply of the houses but they are influenced by the microeconomics and macroeconomics factor. It is startling to see that how people are engaging themselves to investment in the real estate sector. It is also necessary to understand the impact of the macro and micro variables that can affect the decision of the purchase of the house. Some of the macro and micro factors that affect the housing prices are discussed below. (Tan, 2015) (Ft.com, 2015) Macroeconomic factors: Population growth considering foreign workforce and migration- The population growth rate in the UK in 2014 was recorded to be 0.54%. A population growth imposed pressure on the housing market. (Indexmundi.com, 2015) The increase in the new citizen and the shortage of houses resulted in a situation of excess demand, raising the price of the house. The Malthusian theory states that population of human grows at a geometric rate. The four stages of demographic transition also tell us a progressive change in phase from high birth rate high death rate to a phase of low birth and death rates. All these imply that even if there is little population growth, there is still not sufficient accommodation to absorb the new entrant. (Galor and Weil, 2000) Employment and wage growth- As there is an increase in the employment rate, there is also a growth in wage. This increases the income in the hands of the people which enhances the credit liability confidence. People will now take up loans or mortgage to purchase house. Thus, the demand rises and the property price rises. Construction costs- The conceptualization of several government policies extends to regulate the building projects and this make the developers more conscious about the building projects by delaying it. This causes a shortage in the supply of the house raising the price. The increase in construction cost and the price of raw materials may also raise the price of the house Financing properties- The smooth and easy access to mortgage and loan facilities by the people gear them up to buy properties. This raises the demand for houses and as a result price rises. This can be countered by restricting credit availabilities by government policies which could drive the price down. Land scarcity- The ever increasing population posed a threat to the availability of land. There evolved the issue of scarce land, which resulted in excess demand of land for accommodation. This created an excess demand for house and thus price rises. (McGrath, 2014) Exchange rate- the changes in the exchange rate influence people on their buying decision of property. The depreciation of exchange rate drives up the price of property in the foreign country and the opposite happens when appreciation takes place. Microeconomic factors: Location and amenities- An individual who is willing to buy a house would definitely consider the locality with amenities associated with the property like accessibility of expressways, shopping malls, markets, parks, food centre etc. All these location attractiveness changes the value or price of the house. Government plans- Government may chalk out plans for a particular location by advancement in infrastructures. This future plan associated with the location can drive up the property price. Building style- The architectural design of a house may affect its price. If the design of the house is unique and cannot be replicated then the value of the house increases. Taste and preferences- The taste and preferences of an individual os acquired by the level of education. This reflects the different types of choices of house depending upon the level of education received. It is the macroeconomic factors that increase the price sensitivity of the houses. The major issues like unemployment rate, population growth rate, and construction cost etc. affect the housing prices instantaneously. But the microeconomic factors are equally relevant to determine the prices of the housing sector. Property market challenges: The challenges faced by every market are associated with the demand and supply conditions. It is evident from the rising prices of the houses that there prevailed disequilibrium in the demand and supply conditions in the UK. The supply of houses was unable to keep pace with the demand for houses. A situation of excess demand crept up, driving the price of the house up. Thus there is an urgent need to expand the supply of housing. When the demand and supply conditions are regarded as the important factors to determine equilibrium in the housing market, it is equally important to focus on the macroeconomic and microeconomic factors that influence the demand and supply side of the housing industry. The macroeconomic and microeconomic factors like the economic growth, population growth, locations and amenities, government plans etc. all these affect the pricing of the houses. Thus, the challenges in the property market are influenced by the macroeconomic environment as well as the demand and supply side. (Economicsonline.co.uk, 2015) (UK Parliament, 2015) Conclusion: Our report is based on the analysis of the concern of the governor of Bank of England, Mark Carney. The rise in the price of the house is inevitable as far as there is a shortage in the supply of houses. This problem of supply shortage needs to be tackled by the providing subsidies to the private house builders, relaxing house building regulations, providing grants and tax concession to builders who build house on certain areas etc. The need to regulate demand is also relevant to suppress the rise in price. Thus, to stabilize the demand and supply condition of the housing market, it is necessary to maintain the macroeconomic factors that affect the housing prices. (Galati, Teppa and Alessie, n.d.) (White, 2014) References Allen, K. (2014). UK on track to be fastest growing G7 economy despite slowdown.The Guardian. [online] Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/oct/24/uk-economic-growth-slows [Accessed 21 Feb. 2015]. BBC News, (2014).Rates 'to stay at 0.5% this year'. [online] Available at: https://www.bbc.com/news/business-25561477 [Accessed 21 Feb. 2015]. Economicsonline.co.uk, (2015).UK house prices. [online] Available at: https://www.economicsonline.co.uk/Competitive_markets/House_prices.html [Accessed 21 Feb. 2015]. E-Residentials | Online Estate Agent, (2014).E-Residentials | Online Estate Agent. [online] Available at: https://www.e-residentials.co.uk/#!Mark-Carney-House-Prices-Biggest-Risk-To-Economy-/cky5/6B899536-9302-452E-AB1E-FDCEF3931DAF [Accessed 21 Feb. 2015]. Ft.com, (2015).UK house prices: In depth news, commentary and analysis from theFinancial Times. [online] Available at: https://www.ft.com/indepth/uk-house-prices [Accessed 21 Feb. 2015]. Galati, G., Teppa, F. and Alessie, R. (n.d.). Macro and Micro Drivers of House Price Dynamics: An Application to Dutch Data.SSRN Journal. Galor, O. and Weil, D. (2000). Population, Technology, and Growth: From Malthusian Stagnation to the Demographic Transition and Beyond.American Economic Review, 90(4), pp.806-828. Indexmundi.com, (2015).United Kingdom Population growth rate - Demographics. [online] Available at: https://www.indexmundi.com/united_kingdom/population_growth_rate.html [Accessed 21 Feb. 2015]. Inman, P. (2015). Mark Carney: rising house prices pose biggest risk to recovery.The Guardian. 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Available at: https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/377/housing/factors-that-affect-the-housing-market/ [Accessed 21 Feb. 2015]. Positive Money, (2013).House prices: why are they so high? | Positive Money. [online] Available at: https://www.positivemoney.org/issues/house-prices/ [Accessed 21 Feb. 2015]. Tan, A. (2015).Macro And Micro Factors That Make The Property Market Tick | Propertylogy. [online] Propertylogy.com. Available at: https://www.propertylogy.com/knowledge/macro-and-micro-factors-that-make-the-property-market-tick/ [Accessed 21 Feb. 2015]. The Guardian, (2014). Mortgage price war expected as UK lenders fight for market share. [online] Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/money/2014/oct/07/mortgage-price-war-uk-lenders-market-share [Accessed 21 Feb. 2015]. UK Parliament, (2015).Housing supply and demand. [online] Available at: https://www.parliament.uk/business/publications/research/key-issues-for-the-new-parliament/social-reform/housing-supply-and-demand/ [Accessed 21 Feb. 2015]. White, A. (2014). Nationwide: House prices rise but so do mortgage rejections.The Telegraph. [online] Available at: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/property/house-prices/11197402/Nationwide-House-prices-rise-but-so-do-mortgage-rejections.html [Accessed 21 Feb. 2015].